Patterning of pain and power with guided imagery: an experimental study with persons experiencing chronic pain

  • WA L
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Abstract

In this study, chronic pain, power, and guided imagery were conceptualized within the framework of Martha Rogers' Science of Unitary Human Beings. Rogers' framework offered a new perspective to study the complex, multidimensional phenomenon of chronic pain, and to develop useful nursing theory. Pain and power were conceptualized as manifestations of human-environmental patterning. Guided imagery was a form of knowing participation in change. This study tested the hypothesis that persons with chronic pain, who used a guided imagery intervention over four days, would experience less pain and increased power than those who did not receive the guided imagery intervention.An experimental, completely randomized design was used to test this hypothesis. Subjects were recruited from a home health care agency in Northeastern Ohio, and from senior citizen apartment buildings in the same geographical location. Subjects in the experimental group (n = 21) used an audiotaped guided imagery technique over four days; subjects in the control group (n = 21) were monitored over the 4-day period. Measures of pain (Visual Analogue Scale) and power (Power as Knowing Participation in Change Tool) were obtained at five repeated intervals for subjects in both groups. Social desirability (Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale), imaging ability (Imaging Ability Questionnaire), and analgesic intake were measured but did not meet criteria for use as covariates.To examine differences between the two groups over the 4-day study period, a repeated measures multivariate analysis of covariance was performed. Only pre-treatment power was identified as a significant covariate. Results showed a significant interaction for treatment by trials, indicating that there were changes in one or both of the dependent variables over time, F(3, 117) = 2.717, p < .05. Post hoc testing showed significant differences between the two groups for pain during the last two days of the study, F(1, 41) = 6.297, p < .01 and F(1, 41) = 3.802, p < .05. There were no significant group differences in power scores over the 4-day study period.

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APA

WA, L. (2002). Patterning of pain and power with guided imagery: an experimental study with persons experiencing chronic pain. Case Western Reserve University (Health Sciences). Retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=ip,uid&db=rzh&AN=109878698&site=ehost-live&scope=site&scope=cite

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