Preparation of a graphene nanosheet/polyaniline composite with high specific capacitance

Abstract

A graphene nanosheet (GNS)/polyaniline (PANI) composite was synthesized using in situ polymerization. The morphology and microstructure of samples were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transition electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy. Electrochemical properties were characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic charge/discharge. GNS as a support material could provide more active sites for nucleation of PANI as well as excellent electron transfer path. The GNS was homogeneously coated on both surfaces with PANI nanoparticles (∼2 nm), and a high specific capacitance of 1046 F g-1 (based on GNS/PANI composite) was obtained at a scan rate of 1 mV s-1 compared to 115 F g-1 for pure PANI. In addition, the energy density of GNS/PANI composite could reach 39 W h kg-1 at a power density of 70 kW kg-1. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.