Simultaneous EEG-fMRI

Abstract

Simultaneous EEG-fMRI combines the advantages of high temporal resolution of EEG with high spatial resolution of fMRI. In addition, it is a noninvasive technique for the study of human brain function. However, it remains many challenges such as the low signal-to-noise ratio, poor individual comfort, and difficulty in data analysis. In this chapter, we first introduce the hardware of simultaneous EEG-fMRI system. Then a review about the advance of this technique is given, including the EEG artifacts correction, the EEG-fMRI data fusion method, and the application of EEG-fMRI. Specifically, we provide a systematic classification for the fMRI-constrained EEG and the EEG-informed fMRI from simple to complex level. Then we provide program practice for the EEG artifacts correction, which may contribute to the widespread application of this new technique. Finally, we discuss the prospects of simultaneous EEG-fMRI for future research.