Use of yeasts for prevention and therapy

Abstract

Yeasts are a rich source of amino acids, proteins, several dietary minerals (e.g. chromium, selenium, zinc, iron, magnesium, cooper, manganese), and the B vitamins, particularly recommended for a vegan or vegetarian diet as well as for young people during maturation. One of the most well-known species of yeasts used in health and wellness is Saccharomyces cerevisiae (the common name is brewer's yeast). They are often used as a source of B vitamins (B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7 and B9). Typically, brewer's yeast is used as a protein, vitamin and mineral supplement, energy booster, immune enhancer, or vehicle where other compounds can be inserted to create a commercialized health product. The biomass of brewer's yeast is also considered as an extensive source of bioavailable minerals, particularly chromium and selenium. Chromium is an essential trace mineral, since being part of glucose tolerance factor it helps the body maintain normal blood sugar levels, thereby decreasing appetite (especially for sweet foods). Another yeast species Yarrowia lipolytica contains high levels of many important nutrients, exogenous amino acids, proteins, different minerals, and lipid compounds as mainly unsaturated fatty acids (about 90%). This yeast species is a rich source of nutrients for vegans, vegetarians, athletes and a dietary supplement for people after recovery. Saccharomyces boulardii, a yeast species, has been found to be an effective probiotic. The clinical activity of S. boulardii is especially relevant to antibiotic-associated diarrhoea and recurrent Clostridium difficile intestinal infections. In conclusion, several studies indicate that nutritional yeasts as well as S. boulardii are important products for prophylactic and/or therapeutic purposes. 2013 © Curr. Issues Pharm. Med. Sci.