Constructed wetland (typha) and rapid sand filter for direct treatment of sewage

Abstract

With more and more development of urban and semi urban areas, the problems related to waste water are getting complicated day by day. Raw sewage is the principal polluter to sources of water in India leading a host of disease like diarrhoea, malaria etc., and agriculture contamination including environmental degradationIndia's largest cities have centralized sewage system, but, these methods are costly to construct, maintain. Bharat's small towns can't afford to build such system. Treatment and recycle of sewage in urban and semi urban areas from small communities and educational institutions can minimize the stress on existing STP's and infrastructure. Also, carters the shortage of water mainly during dry season. In this project study was made on treating and recycling of sewage water by combination of wetland and rapid sand filter for a community. The primary objective of study is to find the sustainability of wetland plant called typha for direct treatment of sewage water. And secondary aim of this research is to recycle the sewage. For this a laboratory model has been developed. The influent and effluent were studied (monthly) for the efficiency, by the various characteristics like PH, Total solids, Nitrates, Nitrites, Sodium, Potassium, Total phosphorous, COD, BOD, Ammonia, Sulphates and Turbidity will help research develop and transfer technologies and methodologies in an isolated management of domestic sewage water which will ultimately lead in the treatment of waste water. In this project or study parameter like COD and BOD reduced up to 95%. The size of wetland is reduced drastically around then regular [only for typha]. Due to design and structural advantage it can be operated and maintained effectively then regular.