Chemomodulatory Effect of Capsaicin Encapsulated Chitosan Nanoparticles on Lipids, Lipoproteins and Glycoprotein Components in 7,12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) Induced Mammary Carcinogenesis in Sprague-Dawley Rats

Abstract

Objectives: Breast cancer is a dreadful public health issue that kills plenty of women all around the world. The peril of breast cancer is strongly linked to lipids, lipoproteins, and glycoproteins. Capsaicin (CAP), a natural alkaloid isolated from chilies, has been reported to possess excellent anti-cancer activity. Unfortunately, the clinical application of this compound is strictly limited due to its low solubility and poor bioavailability. Nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems have set the path for a revolution in cancer therapy by improving its therapeutic value. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of CAP encapsulated chitosan nanoparticles (CAP@CS-NP) on lipids, lipoproteins and glycopro-teins abnormalities in 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) induced mammary carcinogenesis. Methods: A mammary tumor was induced by a single dose of DMBA 25mg/kg b.wt injected subcutaneously near the mammary gland. The levels of lipid profile, lipoproteins and glycoprotein components were analyzed in the plasma, liver and mammary tissues. Results: We observed higher levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), phospholipids (PL), free fatty acids (FFA), hexose, hexosamine and sialic acid in DMBA induced tumor-bearing rats. Moreover, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) levels were raised and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels were dropped in tumor-bearing rats. The result shows that, CAP@CS-NP 4mg/kg b.wt administra-tion significantly recouped abnormal levels to near-normal levels. It was additionally verified by histological staining in mammary tissues. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that nanoencapsulation of CAP@CS-NP successfully regulates lipid profile, lipopro-teins, and glycoproteins levels.