The HLA-DRB1 alleles effects on multiple sclerosis: A systematic review

Abstract

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system that affects sensitive and motor functions. Many population studies were made with the intent of knowing better the most affected groups and the disease manifestations. These review analyses some of those studies, evaluating risk factors, especially genetic relations of Human Leukocyte Antigen DRB1 (HLADRB1) gens, for developing clinical disease. Method: We have analyzed 57 articles, published between 2009 and 2014, with the key words "multiple sclerosis", "genetic association studies" and "HLA-DRB1 chains", through the Scopus database. Only 18 articles were eligible for our study; they were read entirely and included in the final analysis. Results: Most studies imply genetic and environmental factors for the incidence of MS, its age of starting and prognosis. Previous studies have shown that many gens are related in MS pathogenesis and that interactions between them are important in determining clinical manifestations. Limitations: Different results were observed when different populations were targeted in the studies. Conclusion: There is an important relation between HLA-DRB1 and MS in diverse population groups. Complementary studies are needed to know better the importance of environmental factors and its interaction with gens in the development of MS.