Exploring the postsecular. Three meanings of “the secular” and their possible transcendence

Abstract

In this article the author constructs a typology of the different senses sec‑ ularization has been understood, and how these various senses correlate to different models of secularization in the modern world. He engages with the works of Jürgen Habermas and argues that Habermas’s concep‑ tion of secularization is too closely linked to the European model in which secularization and modernization are correlated. Casanova argues that the world may be becoming “post‑secular,” characterized by the re‑emer‑ gence of religion as a public issue in some societies. He concludes by iden‑ tifying three main reasons for this new attitude: globalization, Europe‑ an integration, and increasing religious pluralism due to immigration.