Impact of Ozone gas on Air Temperature Change in Iraq and Some Surrounding Countries

Abstract

Iraq faces one of the Middle East's most climate-changing countries, facing many environmental challenges, the most important of which is rising temperatures above normal. The effect of chemical compounds on ozone gas and depletion leads to an increase in the ozone hole and consequently more sunlight reaches the atmosphere. The aim of this research is to study the effect of O3 and its effect on the rate of temperature. The data were obtained from satellites recorded by the European Center for Medium Range Weather Forecast (ECMWF). This study selects Iraq and adjacent areas from latitude 27 to 37 N and longitude from 39 to 50 E for years (2003-2016), where we studied the behavior of O3 gas concentration and its relationship to air temperature change. Due to the use of correlation coefficient between 3 O and temperature, it was found that the relationship was negative in most of the study stations because the weight gas is fluctuating gas, wherein Sulaymaniyah (Iraq) - 0.5, and in Mosul (Iraq) - 0.3, and in Baghdad station -0.2, while a positive relationship in the southern stations in Basrah station +0.4 and in Nasiriah station +0.3, As in adjacent regions were also positive in Jubail (K.S.A) +0.6, and negative in other neighbor regions.