Curcumin-Enriched Curcuma longa Extract in Aluminum-Induced Neurotoxicity: Impact on Oxidative Stress, Inflammatory Response, and Neural Health

Abstract

Aluminum exposure is linked to neurodegeneration due to oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, impacting cognitive health. Curcuma longa, containing the polyphenol curcumin, is recognized for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and shows potential in counteracting metal-induced neurotoxicity. This study investigates the neuroprotective effects of curcumin-enriched Curcuma longa extract against aluminum-induced neurotoxicity, focusing on oxidative stress, inflammation, and neural health indicators. Mice were assigned to six groups, receiving normal saline, various doses of Curcuma longa extract, aluminum chloride (AlCl₃), or a combination of AlCl₃ and Curcuma longa extract for 14 days. Oxidative stress markers (SOD, MDA), inflammatory cytokines (IL-1, IL-6), behavioral assessments, and histopathology were evaluated. Mice exposed to AlCl₃ exhibited increased oxidative stress (reduced SOD, elevated MDA) and inflammation (higher IL-1, IL-6), along with impaired cognitive performance. Curcuma longa extract, particularly at higher doses, mitigated these effects, with decreased oxidative and inflammatory markers, improved behavior, and reduced neural tissue damage. Curcumin-enriched Curcuma longa extract demonstrates neuroprotective potential by reducing aluminum-induced oxidative stress and inflammation, suggesting its promise in addressing neurotoxicity. Optimal dosing enhances its efficacy, with implications for therapeutic applications in neurodegenerative conditions.