The effects of long-term low-dose aspirin on coagulation function in gynaecological patients with co-existing chronic periodontitis

Abstract

This study investigates the safety of non-surgical periodontal treatment during long-term low-dose aspirin therapy in patients with chronic periodontitis and gynaecological conditions, focusing on bleeding risk and coagulation function. Patients received low-dose aspirin (100 mg/d) and were divided into a medication continuation group (observation) and a cessation group (control), with 41 patients each. Key periodontal parameters (plaque index, probing depth, attachment loss) and coagulation indices (activated partial thromboplastin time, prothrombin time, thrombin time, prothrombin activity) were assessed post-treatment. Results showed no significant difference in coagulation indices and bleeding scores between the groups (P > 0.05). Grade 3 bleeding incidents were slightly higher in the observation group but not statistically significant. The observation group’s maximum platelet aggregation rate was significantly lower (P < 0.0001), with no significant differences in activated partial thromboplastin time, prothrombin t ime, thrombin time, or prothrombin activity. The findings suggest that non-surgical periodontal treatment is safe for these patients under long-term low-dose aspirin therapy, with limited increased bleeding risk.