Field Attraction of Striped Cucumber Beetles to a Synthetic Vittatalactone Mixture

Abstract

The striped cucumber beetle, Acalymma vittatum (F.) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), is a key pest of cucurbits in eastern North America, rapidly colonizing young plantings and vectoring bacterial wilt of cucurbits. Its aggregation pheromone has been identified and synthesized stereospecifically, but has not been field tested to date. Here, we present field bioassays of this pheromone, using mixed vittatalactone made with a novel and cost-efficient semispecific synthesis. This mixture of eight stereoisomers of (2R,3R)-vittatalactone proved highly attractive to both sexes of striped cucumber beetle, using two different trap types and a pilot attract-and-kill combination with watermelon containing the diabroticine feeding stimulant cucurbitacin-E-glycoside, under field conditions in cucurbit vegetable plantings. Availability of mixed vittatalactones could enable highly effective and specific management of striped cucumber beetle.