The role of electrophysiology study in risk stratification of cardiac sarcoidosis patients: Meta-analyses and systemic review

Abstract

Background: The utility of an electrophysiologic study (EPS) in the risk stratification of cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) patients is not clear. We conducted a systemic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the utility of EPS in the risk stratification of CS patients. Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases from their inception to 12/4/2020 with search terms “Cardiac sarcoidosis” And “Electrophysiological studies OR ablation”. The first and second authors reviewed all the studies. We extracted the data of positive and negative EPS, and outcomes defined as ventricular arrhythmias, implantable cardioverter defibrillator therapy, death, left ventricular assist device placement, or heart transplantation. Risk of bias assessment was done by the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 tool. Subgroup analysis of patients with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) >35%, and probable CS, no prior ventricular tachycardia (VT) and LVEF >35% were performed. Results: We found 544 articles after removing duplicates. A total of 52 full articles were reviewed, and eight studies were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled sensitivity and specificity (95% confidence interval) of EPS in predicting clinical outcomes were 0.70 (0.51–0.85) and 0.93 (0.85–0.97), respectively. Subgroup analysis of patients with LVEF >35% resulted in pooled sensitivity of 0.63 (0.29–0.88) and pooled specificity of 0.97 (0.92–0.99), and subgroup analysis of patients with probable CS, no prior VT, and LVEF >35% resulted in pooled sensitivity of 0.71 (0.33–0.93) and pooled specificity of 0.96 (0.88–0.99) in predicting adverse clinical outcomes. Conclusions: EPS is an effective risk stratification tool in patients with CS across all subgroups with high sensitivity and specificity.