Bioactive Properties of Ink Gland Extract from Squid Loligo duvauceli

Abstract

Background and Objective: Indian squid Loligo duvauceli is common major sources of seafood available in Tuticorin. However, the ink of these cephalopods is considered as the waste product. In the present study, the L. duvauceli ink was taken as a raw material which is generated as a byproduct in the processing industry, has low market value and has the potential to cause environmental pollution. Materials and Methods: The ink samples were screened for phytochemical, functional properties, proximate, antibacterial and antioxidant activities by standard methods. Results: Large numbers of compounds are present in the L. duvauceli ink are amino acids, carbohydrates, phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids and saponins whereas, tannins, steroid, glycosides are present in a small amount and anthraquinones, fixed oils and fats are absent. It had moisture, protein, lipid, ash and carbohydrate content were 79.25±0.051, 10.67±0.005, 0.19±0.01, 0.15±1.78 and 0.91±0.29%, respectively and this study showed that squid ink had the highest proximate composition and nutritionally preferred. The functional property of ink had pH (6.52±0.03) and water solubility index (16.8±0.004%) and the study revealed that ink can be used as a natural emulsifier in food applications. This investigation showed the methanol extract of ink exhibited significant activity against pathogens Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeroginosa. The partially purified form of L. duvauceli ink also tested for antioxidant activity such as enzymatic antioxidants, nitric oxide scavenging activity and total antioxidant activity. Conclusion: This study suggests that L. duvauceli ink extract exhibit great potential for antioxidant activity and may be useful for their nutritional and medicinal functions. These results concluded that the L. duvauceli ink is a novel potential product and it has to further characterize to improve the pharmacological active marine natural products. Key