Screening of Antioxidant and Anti-Acne Activities in 16 Sea Cucumber in Indonesia

Abstract

Sea cucumbers are marine organism that have interesting biological activities and generally used for food, cosmetics, and medicine. The use of sea cucumbers in cosmetics due to sea cucumbers have good antioxidant and antibacterial activity. There have not been many studies on sea cucumbers in Indonesia that show sea cucumbers as antibacterial (especially bacteria that cause acne. This study was conducted on sixteen species of sea cucumber from genus Actinopyga, Bohadscia, Holothuria, Pseudocolochirus, and Stichopus to select sea cucumber species that have the best activity in counteracting free radicals (antioxidant) and inhibits acne bacterial growth (anti-acne activities) on Propionibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Staphylococcus aureus. Antioxidant test is carried out using DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil) method while antibacterial test uses Plate Bioassay method with resazurin indicator. Test results on the sixteen samples of methanol extract of sea cucumber species showed that H. leucospilota was the species with the highest antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 9.66 ± 0.15 mg.mL-1 and with an inhibition of 53.09 ± 1.20 % at a concentration of 10 mg.mL-1. Five species of sea cucumbers that have antibacterial activity in the three bacteria tested were Holothuria impatiens, Holothuria scabra, Pseudocolochirus sp., Stichopus vastus, and Holothuria atra.