Effectiveness of Neuromuscular Exercise in Individuals with Low Back Pain: A Narrative Review

Abstract

Aim: Low back pain (LBP) is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide, with a huge economic burden on public health. Neuro-muscular (NMS) exercises may reduce LBP recurrence, but the most effective program has not been established. This narrative review aimed to collect evidence on the effect of NMS exercises in patients with LBP. Methods: A narrative review of the electronic literature from April 2000 to July 2023 was conducted. The electronic search was performed on five databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Scien-ce, Google Scholar, and Science Direct). All articles analysed in this study were randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The PEDro scale was used to assess the methodological quality of the articles. Results: Five RCTs were selected and included. The RCTs showed that NMS exercises reduce pain intensity, improve lumbar movement control and physical function, and prevent LBP. Studies also showed that NMS exercises are targeted to improve the control, flexibility, and strength of lumbar muscles. The PEDro score ranges from 5 to 7, highlighting several methodological issues. Conclusion: The findings of this narrative review indicate that NMS exer-cises can reduce pain intensity in LBP. However, the research on NMS exercises’ effects on LBP is very limited and should be interpre-ted with caution due to the methodological limitations.