Analysis of Wind Speed and Direction Variability for a Preliminary Study of Wind Energy in Coastal Areas

Abstract

Wind variability in coastal areas is a key factor influencing regional climate patterns, ecosystem stability, and maritime activities. This study aims to analyze the variability of wind speed and direction in the coastal region of Paloh District, West Kalimantan, using the Weibull statistical distribution and Windrose diagrams. Wind data were obtained from the BMKG Meteorological Station in Paloh over a 15-year period (2009–2023). The results indicate significant seasonal variations in wind characteristics. The highest wind speeds occur in July, coinciding with the peak of the southeast monsoon season. Conversely, wind speeds tend to decrease during the transition seasons (March–May and September–November). Dominant wind directions also vary throughout the year, with southerly and southeasterly winds prevailing during the dry season (JJA) and northwesterly winds dominating during the rainy season (DJF). The Weibull shape parameter (k = 2.260) and scale parameter (c = 3.525) indicate relatively stable wind distribution in this region. These findings provide valuable insights into coastal wind variability, which is essential for climate modeling, coastal management, and the potential development of renewable energy, particularly wind energy, in West Kalimantan.