Adipokines as a link between adipose tissue with inflammation and insulin resistance in cardiometabolic diseases

Abstract

Obesity, a global health crisis, is associated with metabolic disorders and escalating healthcare burdens. This review explores the multifaceted dynamics of obesity, investigating the interplay of genetic, physiological, and environmental factors. Adipose tissue, traditionally regarded for energy storage, now emerges as a crucial contributor to systemic metabolism through the secretion of adipokines. Key adipokines, such as adiponectin, leptin, and the CTRPs superfamily (CTRP1, CTRP3, CTRP9, and CTRP12), are examined for their influence on inflammation, insulin resistance, and atherosclerosis. A critical understanding of the complex interplay between adipokines, inflammation, and insulin resistance is essential for comprehending the intricacies of metabolic dysfunction in obesity. Adipokines emerge as potential therapeutic targets to alleviate inflammation-related pathologies associated with obesity and related disorders. Ongoing research is pivotal to deepen the understanding of adipokine roles, paving the way for innovative therapeutic interventions. This review delves into the role of adipokines in cardiometabolic diseases, particularly emphasizing the intricate links between inflammation and insulin resistance in the context of obesity.