Precipitation Hardening in Fe-Cu Binary and Quaternary Alloys

Abstract

The behavior of precipitation hardening in two types of Fe-Cu alloys has been investigated by means of mechanical tests as well as small angle neutron scattering measurements. The integrated intensity increased first and reached a constant corresponding to the completion of precipitation reaction, while particle radius increased monotonically with aging time, where Vickers hardness and yield stress increased and reached maxima, then decreased. The interaction force with a dislocation due to each precipitate was very small compared with the force by the Orowan mechanism. After discussion based on three possible mechanisms in terms of coherency strain, elastic modulus change and interfacial energy, the strengthening was suggested to be caused from the coherency strain effect. The first increase of yield stress during aging is attributed to the growth in size of clusters and the decrease of yield stress after the maximum is mainly related to the decrease of number density of precipitates. It was found that the loss of coherency with the matrix greatly lowers the strengthening effect, whereby the structure of precipitates changes from bcc to fcc during aging. © 1994, The Iron and Steel Institute of Japan. All rights reserved.