Effect of the serotonin receptor agonist, buspirone, on immune function in HIV-lnfected individuals: A six-month randomized, doubleblind, placebo-controlled trial

Abstract

Purpose: Previous studies have shown that agents modulating the cAMP/PKA pathway have a beneficial effect on immune reconstitution in HIV-infected individuals. Here we evaluate the effect of buspirone on immune function as measured by CD4 and CDS T-cell counts, CD4/CD8 T-cell ratio, HIV viral load, and response to pokeweed mitogen (PWM) in antiretroviral naive HIV-1-infected individuals. Method: Twenty-three HIV-infected patients with CD4 T-cell counts above 300 per nL were enrolled in a 6-month double-blinded placebo controlled trial. No patients received antiretroviral therapy during the study. Blood samples were drawn prior to treatment, after 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months, and as a follow-up sample 1 month after completion of study. Results: A significant decrease in CD8+ T-cell counts (p = .02) and an increase in CD4/CD8 ratio (p = .0003) in buspirone-treated patients compared to placebo-treated patients was observed. There were no significant differences in CD4 T-cell counts, HIV viral load, or proliferative response to PWM between those receiving placebo and those receiving buspirone. Conclusion: Buspirone treatment leads to significant changes in CDS T-cell count and in CD4/CD8 ratio. Thus, agents affecting the adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate/protein kinase A type 1 (cAMP/PKA-1) pathway may be candidates for positive immune modulation in patients with HIV-1 infection. © 2000 Thomas Land Publishers, Inc.