Studying the effect bio-based sensorns packaging based on magnetic fields extraction of phycocyanin on the shelf life of fish fillets infected with Staphylococcus aureus

Abstract

Fish and seafood are highly perishable commodities, necessitating innovative packaging solutions to mitigate microbial spoilage and extend shelf life. This study developed a bioactive nanocomposite biosensor incorporating phycocyanin (PC) a pigment extracted from Neowestiellopsis persica and functionalized under 30 and 60 Millitesla (mT) magnetic fields (MF) coated with nanochitosan (NCT)- Sodium Alginate (SA). Reaults showed that MF exposure enhanced PC purity and concentration by 1.04- and 1.12-fold, respectively (p < 0.05), compared to non-MF controls. Agar disk diffusion assays revealed a 1.12-fold (30 mT) and 1.15-fold (60 mT) increase in antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. Films containing 2% PC (T4) extended shelf life by 8 days under refrigeration, reducing thiobarbituric acid (TBA) and total volatile nitrogen (TVN) levels to 18.85 ± 0.39 mg MDA/kg and < 30 mg/100 g, respectively, over 15 days. Furthermore, T4 significantly suppressed microbial proliferation relative to lower-concentration treatments and controls (p < 0.05). These results demonstrate that MF-enhanced, 2% PC nanocomposites provide a sustainable, biodegradable solution for seafood preservation, effectively delaying spoilage and advancing innovative packaging technologies.