Synthesis and in vitro study of benzofuran hydrazone derivatives as novel alpha-amylase inhibitor

Abstract

The α-amylase acts as attractive target to treat type-2 diabetes mellitus. Therefore in discovering a small molecule as α-amylase inhibitor, we have synthesized benzofuran carbohydrazide analogs (1–25), characterized through different spectroscopic techniques such as 1HNMR and EI-MS. All screened analog shows good α-amylase inhibitory potentials with IC50 value ranging between 1.078 ± 0.19 and 2.926 ± 0.05 µM when compared with acarbose having IC50 = 0.62 ± 0.22 µM. Only nine analogs among the series such as analogs 3, 5, 7, 8, 10, 12, 21, 23 and 24 exhibit good inhibitory potential with IC50 values 1.644 ± 0.128, 1.078 ± 0.19, 1.245 ± 0.25, 1.843 ± 0.19, 1.350 ± 0.24, 1.629 ± 0.015, 1.353 ± 0.232, 1.359 ± 0.119 and 1.488 ± 0.07 µM when compare with standard drug acarbose. All other analogs showed good to moderate α-amylase inhibitory potentials. The SAR study was conducted on the basis of substituent difference at the phenyl ring. The binding interaction between analogs and active site of enzyme was confirmed by docking studies.