Saline irrigation water matrix (siwm) to optimize crop productivity:- (a review)

Abstract

Due to water scarcity in the arid and semi-arid regions, it is necessary to find other renewable water alternatives to reduce its impact on the food security and drought environmental effects. Using the saline water is suitable especially in the regions containing huge quantities of this water; Iraqi Main Out Flow (MOF) discharges about 10 BCM of moderate saline water with water salinity ranging between (2.5 dS.m-1 to 10 dS.m-1) to the Arab gulf. Three salinity effects are osmotic, infiltration, and toxicity of special ions like chloride, sodium, and boron. Combining these effects with five field conditions, climate, crop tolerance, soil texture, field management, and irrigation system, constructs a matrix of three columns versus five rows representing the field conditions. This matrix is summarized any salinity effects on soil and crops. The current study aims to design and evaluate the Saline Irrigation Water Matrix (SIWM) referring to published studies that studying optimizing the use of saline water in irrigation. Many researchers recommend expanding in using these water resources to overcome food security and improve the environment by expanding green zones. The main conclusion can be summarized as a wide range of moderate saline water for irrigation proposes.