TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS: THE CASE OF BURSA CITY

Abstract

The increase in the population over time in Turkey causes an increase in the number of vehicles. In turn, the increase in the number of vehicles hampers urban transportation. Congested traffic results in a number of problems. One of these problems is traffic accidents. In this study, traffic accidents which occurred in five central districts of Bursa were investigated in terms of temporal, spatial and temporal-spatial. The reason for choosing the central districts is that traffic accidents occur more intensively in these districts than other districts. The data used in this study include traffic accident data from 2015 to 2020 and land use data for 2018. ArcGIS 10.8 and ArcGIS Pro 2.5 version were used to identify analyses and findings. In ArcGIS version 10.8 point density, collect events, Anselin Local Moran I, Emerging Hot Spot Analysis and 2D Visualize Space Time Cube tools were used. Time, day, month, season and year information were included in the time related analyzes of traffic accidents. Land use, district, neighborhood and highway data were used in spatial analysis. As a result of this study, findings were determined under three subtitles. These were temporal, spatial and temporal-spatial titles. When examined in terms of time, only the year 2020 drew attention out of five years. This resulted from pandemics. Seasonally, the lowest number of traffic accidents were recorded in winter while the highest were recorded in summer. When the distribution of traffic accidents according to highways was examined under the title of spatial, the most occurred on Ankara Street. Finally, it was determined that traffic accidents, which were examined under the title of temporal-spatial, were intense in residential areas and industrial areas.The increase in the population over time in Turkey causes an increase in the number of vehicles. In turn, the increase in the number of vehicles hampers urban transportation. Congested traffic results in a number of problems. One of these problems is traffic accidents. In this study, traffic accidents which occurred in five central districts of Bursa were investigated in terms of temporal, spatial and temporal-spatial. The reason for choosing the central districts is that traffic accidents occur more intensively in these districts than other districts. The data used in this study include traffic accident data from 2015 to 2020 and land use data for 2018. ArcGIS 10.8 and ArcGIS Pro 2.5 version were used to identify analyses and findings. In ArcGIS version 10.8 point density, collect events, Anselin Local Moran I, Emerging Hot Spot Analysis and 2D Visualize Space Time Cube tools were used. Time, day, month, season and year information were included in the time related analyzes of traffic accidents. Land use, district, neighborhood and highway data were used in spatial analysis. As a result of this study, findings were determined under three subtitles. These were temporal, spatial and temporal-spatial titles. When examined in terms of time, only the year 2020 drew attention out of five years. This resulted from pandemics. Seasonally, the lowest number of traffic accidents were recorded in winter while the highest were recorded in summer. When the distribution of traffic accidents according to highways was examined under the title of spatial, the most occurred on Ankara Street. Finally, it was determined that traffic accidents, which were examined under the title of temporal-spatial, were intense in residential areas and industrial areas.