Patient activation and the use of information to support informed health decisions

Abstract

Objectives Patients and consumers make many choices that affect their health and their health care. Some of these decisions are informed by evidence, but many are not. A growing body of research indicates that those who are more activated or engaged in their health are more likely to seek out and use information to inform their health decisions. In this paper we review the evidence about patient activation and information seeking, health behaviors, and health outcomes. We also review what is known about how to increase patient activation, and how best to support patients who are at different levels of activation to use information to support their choices. Discussion Strategies can be tailored to support and information for patients at different levels of activation. These strategies might be implemented in different clinical settings and situations, tailored and targeted approaches for care transitions, health coaching, and in the use of shared-decision-making. Conclusions Efforts to support informed consumer choices have largely been a ‘one size fits all’ approach. Understanding consumers, and trying to meet them where they are, is likely to be the focus of the ‘next generation’ of interventions to support informed consumer choices.