Management options for restoring artificial coral reefs in Indonesia: Strengthening in institutional approach

Abstract

The degradation and deterioration of coral reefs in Indonesia has continued for several decades due to the use of destructive fishing gear, increased pollution, global troubles of coral bleaching, coral diseases and predation. The best conditions in central Indonesia with 5.48 percent are very good, 29.39 percent good, 44.38 percent bad, and 20.75 percent bad. Whereas for the status of western Indonesia is 4.94 percent very good, 28.92 percent good, 36.68 percent bad, and 29.45 percent bad. Therefore, the use of artificial reefs are alternatives that can be used to reduce the pressure of fishing and destruction of natural coral reefs. The objective to be achieved in this research is to arrange management option for artificial reef restoration based on institutional approach, so that the service function is optimal. The SWOT method will be used to know the strength, weaknesses, opportunities and constraints of artificial reefs. Interpretive Structured Modelling (ISM) Methods is to identify related and influential institutions for managing artificial reefs. The results of this research showed that Forum is built to establish strategic management plan with a focus on stopping the decline and restoring the basic conditions of artificial reefs.