An Optical-Based Sensor for Automotive Exhaust Gas Temperature Measurement

Abstract

The article introduces the design of an optical-based sensor that measures automotive exhaust gas temperatures (EGTs) over a wide temperature range. To measure temperature, we combined the luminescence method and the blackbody radiation (BBR) principle. We also developed our own measurement hardware that includes the means to process and evaluate the signals obtained for temperature conversion using optical methods for application in the target temperature range ( $-40\,\,^\circ \text{C}$ to 820 $^\circ \text{C}$ ). This temperature range is specified by the automotive industry according to current combustion engine designs and emission requirements, which stipulate accurate measurement of operating temperature for optimal functioning. Current measurement solutions are based on the thermocouple principle. This approach is problematic, especially with regard to electromagnetic interference and self-diagnostics, and problems also exist with the gradual penetration of moisture into the temperature probe under extreme thermal stress. The case study confirmed the full functionality of the new optical sensor concept. The benefit of the proposed concept is full compatibility with existing conceptual solutions while maintaining the advantages of optical-based sensors. The results indicated that a combination of the BBR and luminescence methods with a ruby crystal in the proposed solution produced an average absolute error of 2.32 $^\circ \text{C}$ in the temperature range $-40\,\,^\circ \text{C}$ to 820 $^\circ \text{C}$ over a measurement cycle time of 0.25 s.