The Effects of Normalization and Standardization an Internet of Things Attack Detection

Abstract

It is a known fact that we live in the computer age and that many devices in the world have access to the internet. So how secure are these devices? Is there any guarantee that user information is not accessed from intruder? After the concept of the Internet of Things came into our lives, many things such as seeing the food in our home refrigerator, connecting to the Internet from the car and, and video chatting from our smart watch entered our lives. The number of malicious software is also increasing with these new connections. Researchers are increasingly emphasizing the importance of network security and intensifying their studies. Data preprocessing is very important when designing a secure system. In this study, the importance of normalization and standardization in data preprocessing is examined to make machine learning approaches more successful for detecting attacks on IoT devices. The study was carried out in Logistic Regression, Decision Tree, and Stochastic Gradient Descent machine learning algorithms using the Bot-IoT dataset. Bot-IoT dataset is a popular dataset that is widely used in security studies on IoT devices. Normalization and standardization processes were applied to Bot-IoT dataset separately, so data preprocessing was performed, then selected machine learning algorithms were trained with these -normalized / standardized- datasets. As a result of the trainings made with machine learning algorithms, the values of Accuracy, Precision, Recall and F1 Score rates were examined. And as a result of the study, it was seen that the standardization increased the accuracy rate up to 99.96% in Logistic Regression.