An automatic improved facial expression recognition for masked faces

Abstract

Automatic facial expression recognition (AFER), sometimes referred to as emotional recognition, is important for socializing. Automatic methods in the past two years faced challenges due to Covid-19 and the vital wearing of a mask. Machine learning techniques tremendously increase the amount of data processed and achieved good results in such AFER to detect emotions; however, those techniques are not designed for masked faces and thus achieved poor recognition. This paper introduces a hybrid convolutional neural network aided by a local binary pattern to extract features in an accurate way, especially for masked faces. The basic seven emotions classified into anger, happiness, sadness, surprise, contempt, disgust, and fear are to be recognized. The proposed method is applied on two datasets: the first represents CK and CK +, while the second represents M-LFW-FER. Obtained results show that emotion recognition with a face mask achieved an accuracy of 70.76% on three emotions. Results are compared to existing techniques and show significant improvement.