Efektifitas Asap Cair Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) sebagai Fungisida Alami Penghambat Pertumbuhan Jamur Colletotrichum sp.

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Abstract

ABSTRAKAntraknosa merupakan hama utama yang menyerang tanaman cabai merah. Aplikasi fungisida sintetik dalam jangka panjang dapat meninggalkan residu dalam tanah yang sulit terdegradasi sehingga berdampak negatif terhadap lingkungan dan kesehatan manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji efektivitas asap cair tandan kosong kelapa sawit yang berpotensi menjadi fungisida nabati sebagai penghambat pertumbuhan jamur Colletotrichum sp. pasca panen. Asap cair tandan kosong kelapa sawit diketahui mengandung senyawa antioksidan yang berperan sebagai antifeedant, racun kontak dan racun lambung bagi hama tanaman yang berpotensi menjadi fungisida nabati untuk menghambat pertumbuhan jamur Colletotrichum sp. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pirolisis dalam pembuatan asap cair dengan variasi suhu 350 oC, 400 oC dan 450 oC serta menentukan kadar fenol total. Uji daya hambat ekstrak terhadap jamur Colletotrichum sp. Hal ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan cakram kertas yang direndam dalam asap cair selama waktu tertentu. Hasil uji kualitatif menunjukkan bahwa kadar total fenol tertinggi diperoleh pada suhu pirolisis 450oC sebesar 12,57% dengan volume asap cair yang dihasilkan sebesar 790 mL. Uji zona hambat jamur menunjukkan hasil paling optimal pada konsentrasi asap cair TKKS sebesar 20 dan 30% dengan suhu pirolisis 450oC yang memberikan respon penghambatan sangat kuat terhadap pertumbuhan jamur Colletotrichum sp dengan nilai rata-rata masing-masing sebesar 4, 28 dan 7,73Kata Kunci: Asap cair, fungisida, Colletotrichum spABSTRACTAnthracnose is the main pest that attacks red chili plants. Prolonged application of synthetic fungicides can leave residues in the soil that are difficult to degrade, resulting in negative impacts on the environment and human health. This research aims to test the effectiveness of liquid smoke from empty oil palm fruit bunches which has the potential to become a vegetable fungicide as an inhibitor of the growth of Colletotrichum sp. post-harvest. Liquid smoke from empty oil palm fruit bunches is known to contain antioxidant compounds which act as antifeedants, contact poisons and gastric poisons for plant pests which have the potential to become vegetable fungicides to inhibit the growth of Colletotrichum sp. This research used the pyrolysis method in making liquid smoke with temperature variations of 350 oC, 400 oC and 450oC and determined the total phenol content. Test the inhibitory power of the extract against the fungus Colletotrichum sp. This is done using paper discs soaked in liquid smoke for a certain time. Qualitative test results show that the highest total phenol content was obtained at a pyrolysis temperature of 450oC of 12.57% with a volume of liquid smoke produced of 790 mL. The fungal inhibition zone test showed the most optimal results at TKKS liquid smoke concentrations of 20 and 30% with a pyrolysis temperature of 450oC which provided a very strong inhibitory response to the growth of the fungus Colletotrichum sp with average values of 4, 28 and 7.73 respectively.Keywords: Liquid smoke, fungicide, and Colletotrichum sp

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APA

Adam, D. H. (2024). Efektifitas Asap Cair Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) sebagai Fungisida Alami Penghambat Pertumbuhan Jamur Colletotrichum sp. Chemica: Jurnal Ilmiah Kimia Dan Pendidikan Kimia, 25(2), 82. https://doi.org/10.35580/chemica.v25i2.66554

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