Investigation of Activities of Daily Living and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Levels of COVID-19 Patients: A Descriptive Study

Abstract

This study aimed to examine the COVID-19 patients’ hospital anxiety, depression levels and independence in activities of daily living. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with n=100 COVID-19 patients. The data was collected using a patient descriptive information form, the “Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living”, and the “Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale”. Descriptive statistics, Student t-test, Mann Whitney U test, One-way ANOVA test, and Kruskal Wallis test were used to compare groups. The significance level is pre-specified as 0.05. The mean age of the patients was 41.77 ± 12.10 years (Min: 20, Max: 70). More than half of the patients were male (68%), and 86% were treated and cared for in the service isolation rooms. Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale mean scores were 6.66 ± 6.05 (Min: 0, Max: 21) and the Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living mean scores were 5.57 ± 1.27 (Min: 0, Max: 6). It was determined that as the patients' level of independence in their daily living activities increased, their hospital anxiety and depression levels decreased. A negative moderate correlation (r =-0.530, r =-0.552) was found between the mean scores of these variables. Since these patients usually receive care in isolation in their rooms, activities of daily living should be monitored and supported in terms of the hospital anxiety and depression levels.