Potensi dan Tantangan Penerapan Platform Crowdfunding Donasi Berbasis Blockchain

Abstract

The generosity of Indonesian society, influenced by tradition and religion, has continued to grow with the convenience of digital facilities for crowdfunding. However, there are still challenges to be addressed, such as accountability and transparency in the use of donated funds. The emergence of blockchain technology offers opportunities to enhance transparency, security, and efficiency in fundraising. This study aims to evaluate the potential and challenges of implementing blockchain-based donation crowdfunding platforms through a systematic literature review (SLR) approach following the PRISMA protocol. From the analysis of 41 articles, 37 blockchain-based crowdfunding platforms were found to have the potential to improve transparency, trust, efficiency, accountability, and reduce transaction costs. The main challenges faced include scalability, regulatory compliance, privacy concerns, user adoption, and integration with existing systems. The findings of this study provide valuable insights for nonprofit organizations and philanthropic institutions in leveraging blockchain technology for donation crowdfunding.Kedermawanan masyarakat Indonesia, dipengaruhi oleh tradisi dan agama, kemurahan hati masyarakat Indonesia kian bertumbuh dengan kemudahan fasilitas digital untuk urun dana atau crowdfunding. Namun, masih ada tantangan yang perlu diatasi, seperti akuntabilitas dan transparansi dalam penggunaan dana donasi. Munculnya teknologi blockchain menawarkan peluang untuk meningkatkan transparansi, keamanan, dan efisiensi dalam penggalangan dana. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi potensi dan tantangan penerapan platform crowdfunding donasi berbasis blockchain melalui pendekatan systematic literature review (SLR) yang mengikuti protokol PRISMA. Dari 41 artikel yang dianalisis, ditemukan 37 platform crowdfunding berbasis blockchain yang berpotensi meningkatkan transparansi, kepercayaan, efisiensi, akuntabilitas, dan mengurangi biaya transaksi. Tantangan utama yang dihadapi meliputi skalabilitas, kepatuhan terhadap regulasi, kekhawatiran privasi, adopsi pengguna, dan integrasi dengan sistem yang ada. Hasil penelitian ini menawarkan wawasan penting bagi organisasi nirlaba dan lembaga filantropi dalam memanfaatkan teknologi blockchain untuk crowdfunding donasi.