Identification Study of Fishermen's Vulnerability Indicators and Capital Assets in Facing the Impacts of Climate Change

Abstract

Climate change is an impact of global warming, characterized by high waves, extreme weather, floods, droughts, and disturbances in marine ecosystems. In Bengkulu City, climate change is evident through climate variability, including rainfall, strong winds, and storms, which impact the livelihood patterns of fishermen. Uncertain weather conditions and prolonged climate change events make fishermen socially and economically vulnerable. Vulnerability is influenced by exposure to extreme weather and sensitivity due to climate change pressures. Efforts to reduce vulnerability involve optimizing the use of capital assets to ensure the sustainability of fishermen's livelihoods. This study aimed to identify vulnerability indicators and capital assets that fishermen use to cope with the impacts of climate change. The research employed a qualitative method, complemented with a literature review approach and expert discussions. After identifying indicators through literature analysis, the findings were discussed with relevant experts to validate the results, gain new perspectives, and deepen the understanding of the research topic. The study results identified 30 vulnerability indicators and capital assets that affect fishermen's adaptation to climate change. Fishermen's vulnerability was influenced by exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity, while capital assets include human, physical, natural, financial, and social assets. Identifying these indicators enables the government and stakeholders to design inclusive and participatory adaptation programs that align with the needs of fishermen. Collaboration among stakeholders can enhance the effectiveness of adaptation programs for fishermen in addressing climate change.