Limonene - A review: Biosynthetic, ecological and pharmacological relevance

Abstract

Limonene is one of the most common compounds found in the essential oils of aromatic plants. The occurrence of this monoterpene hydrocarbon in various plant genera could be attributed to its precursory role in the biosynthesis of other monoterpenes and its defensive role against herbivores. Due to the medicinal potential and application in the flavor and fragrance industries, limonene has been extensively investigated. In this paper the biosynthetic, ecological and pharmacological importance of limonene is presented in an attempt to coherently summarize some of the most salient aspects from various studies in a form of a concise review.