Phytoremediation of Lead-contaminated Soils

Abstract

Lead contamination of surface soils is a frequently encountered problem of environmental concern, and Pb toxicity in humans is considered the most immediate environmental risk associated with Pb-contaminated soils. Phytoextraction, using plants to remove pollution from soil, is the subject of recent phytoremediation research. Major limitations of lead phytoextraction are low Pb availability in soil and poor Pb translocation from roots to shoots. These limitations indicate that the accumulation of Pb in shoots can be feasible only through the application of synthetic chelation agents, such as EDTA, which facilitate metal dissolution, uptake, and transport. Induced phytoextraction of Pb from contaminated soils has been demonstrated with Brassica juncea (Indian mustard), but B. juncea is not ideal for phytoextraction because of its low biomass. Inducing Pb accumulation in low-input, high-biomass perennial plants is a more practical and manageable strategy for phytoextraction. Tree and turf species have not been explored as a plant community to remove Pb from contaminated soils. The objective of this study is to induce Pb absorption from contaminated soil with low-input perennial plants, Festuca arundinacea (tall fescue) and Acer rubrum (red maple), through proper timing and application of synthetic chelation agents. This study is expected to benefit the community of scientists and environmental researchers concerned with the development of ecologically sound and economically desirable technologies for the remediation and restoration of contaminated soils. This poster presentation provides a condensed visual interpretation of the Pb phytoextraction, background information, and an update on progress of the study. E-mail rsbl2@cornell.edu