The Effect of Betel Quid Extract on Wound Healing Process in Male Wistar Rats (Rattus norvegicus L.)

Abstract

Wound can be occured during dental treatment. In outline, there are several phases of wound healing; inflammatory phase, proliferative phase, and maturation phase. Various drugs in various forms are used to accelerate the healing process, but mostly they have side effects. Therefore, traditional medicine, such as betel quid consisted of betel leaf, areca nut, gambier, and calcium hydroxide, is developed. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of wound healing process in male Wistar rats. A total of 30 male Wistar rats were taken and divided into 5 groups:  Group 1, 2, and 3 (K1,K2, K3)  were given 5%, 10% and 15% concentrations of betel quid extract oinments; Group 4 (K4) was positive control  (hyaluronic acid 0.2% oinment); Group 5 (K5) was negative control (placebo oinment). One mm- diameter of lower lip mucosal wounds on rats were created by using  cylinder diamond bur. The oinments were applied twice daily for 10 days. The number of netrophils on first and third day were measured and the thickness of ephitelium on 10 days were determined. All groups of  betel quid extracts exhibited the reduction of the number of neutrophils on inflammatory phase. Group 3 shown as the highest effect and had no significant different with positive control. Betel quid extracts in all groups also improved epithelial thickness on proliferative phase, in which group II and group III had no significant different with positive control. Betel quid extract had effect on wound healing process in male Wistar rats due to its ability in supressing inflamation and in increasing reepithelization.