Extraction and identification of Mitragynine from the Kratom Leaf (Mitragyna speciosa) using HFC-134a subcritical system

Abstract

Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) is tree that useful as herbal medicine commonly found in Indonesia and other Southeast Asia Countries. Kratom has been consumed by chewing it or brewed like tea, it is useful to treated fever, muscle ache and diarrhea pain. Sedatives and stimulant effect on the central nervous system are side effect of Kratom leaves infusion. It contains mitragynine that have strong affinity on opioid receptor, therefor classified as new psychoactive substances (NPS). Others compounds in Kratom is 7-hydroxymitragynine, paynantheine, speciogy nine and speciociliatine. The aim of this study was to study the mitragynine and other secondary metabolites on the Kratom using subcritical HFC R134a extraction method and identified with TLC, LCMS/MS and GCMS. The HFC-134a subcritical system method is based on the advantage strength and physical properties of refrigerant R134a as solvent. Subcritical fluid extraction has potentially alternative method to isolate bioactive compound of the herbal plants. The result was 0.7878 g extract Kratom was produced, TLC spot at Rf 0.49, GCMS peak at RT at 18.327 and LCMS/MS peak of RT 7.12 with mass spectrum at 399.2m/z, 174.1 m/z and 159.1 m/z belong to mitragynine.