Parent identification of eight apple cultivars by S-RNase analysis and simple sequence repeat markers

Abstract

As the parents of the some of the apple cultivars were unknown and others were uncertain, we investigated the parent-offspring relationships of eight apple cultivars by S-RNase analysis and SSR markers. The paternal parent of 'HMa' was identified as 'Golden Delicious', not the previously mentioned 'Orin'. It was indicated that 'Ryoka No Kisetsu' and 'Korin' showing identical SSR genotype are likely sports of 'Fuji'. 'Fuji', rather than 'Toko', seemed to be a maternal parent of 'Kotoku', but was not a paternal parent of Orei', 'Starking Delicious', 'Nero 26', 'Empire', or 'Aori 3'. Previously mentioned 'Mutsu', 'Indo', and 'Shin undo' were excluded as paternal parents of 'Hokuto'. 'Tsugaru' and 'Jonathan' and were identified as the respective paternal parents of three cultivars described as having unknown paternal parents, i.e., 'Aika No Kaori', 'Yoko', and 'Tsugaru'.