Role of glutathione S-transferase Mu 1 and glutathione s-transferases theta 1 polymorphism in the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus at universitas sumatera utara hospital, Medan

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with an increased production of reactive oxygen species and a reduction in antioxidant defense. Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) is group of multifunction antioxidant enzyme can be used as important biomarkers for DM. GSTM1, T1 genes variant polymorphism result in decreased or loss of enzyme activity. AIM: The study aimed to evaluate the role of GST mu 1 (GSTM1) and GST theta 1 (GSTT1) gene polymorphism in the risk of developing T2DM. METHODS: GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms were genotyped in 87 type 2 DM (T2DM) patients and 87 healthy control group to analyze their association with T2DM susceptibility using multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). PCR products were electrophoresed using agarose 2%. Odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) and p-value were calculated using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software (version 21.0). RESULTS: The genotype distribution of GSTM1 and GSTT1 was not different between T2DM patients and healthy control group (p = 0.542, OR = 0.780, CI 95% = 0.350–1.737 and p = 0.879, OR = 1.047, CI 95% = 0.577–1.903). The genotype distribution of combination of GSTM1 and GSTT1 were also not different between T2DM patients and healthy control group (p = 0.640, OR = 0.640, CI 95% = 0.224–1.83 and p = 0.551, OR = 0.721, CI 95% = 0.245–2.120. CONCLUSION: In summary, this study showed that GSTT1 null, GSTM1 null, the combination of GSTM1 null and GSTT1 null genotype or combination of GSTM1 null and GSTT1 positive (or contrary) did not have any risk of developing T2DM at Universitas Sumatera Utara Hospital, Medan.