Enhanced bit error rate in visible light communication: a new LED hexagonal array distribution

Abstract

Due to the exponential growth of mobile devices and wireless services, a huge demand for radio frequency has increased. The presence of several frequencies causes interference between cells, which must be minimized to get the lower bit error rate (BER). For this reason, it is of great interest to use visible light communication (VLC). This paper suggests a VLC system that decreases the BER with applying a new LED distribution with a hexagonal shape using different techniques: on–off keying (OOK), quadrature amplitude modulation, and frequency reuse concept to mitigate the interference between the reused frequencies inside the hexagonal shape. The BER is measured in two scenarios line of sight (LoS) and non-line of sight for each technique that we used. The recommended values of BER in the proposed model for soft frequency reuse in case of LoS at 4, 8, and 10 dB signal to noise ratio, are 3.6 × 10–6, 6.03 × 10–13, and 2.66 × 10–18, respectively.