Evaluation of the Use of Sixth Generation Apex Locators as a Diagnostic Tool to Detect Root Perforations

Abstract

Aim: The sixth generation apex locators served as an efficient diagnostic tool for detecting root perforations as these are based on the principle of impedance rather than the conventional gradient method. However, their diagnostic accuracy not evaluated well. In the existing study, we assessed and compared the efficacy of two apex locators for diagnostic perspective. Materials and Methods: A total of 32 extracted teeth were perforated and mounted using alginate (Alginate Impression Material, 3M ESPE, USA). Two different apex locators-Raypex ® 6 Apex Locator (VDW) and ProPex Pixi (Dentsply, USA) were used to detect the intentionally created root perforations (i.e., distance from file tips to external outline of the root surface). The two apex locators measured the same root perforations and compared statistically. Results: The mean distance from file tips to external outline of the root surface was found significantly different and lower (59.9%) in Raypex ® 6 Apex Locator as compared to Propex Pixi (mean ± standard deviation: 0.39 ± 0.04 vs. 0.16 ± 0.02, t = 30.57, P < 0.001). Conclusion: We found Raypex ® 6 Apex Locator better for root perforations.