Seismic electric signals in seismic prone areas

Abstract

The Varotsos-Alexopoulos-Nomicos (VAN) method of short-term earthquake prediction was introduced in the 1980s. The VAN method enables estimation of the epicenter, magnitude and occurrence time of an impending earthquake by observing transient changes of the electric field of the Earth termed seismic electric signals (SES). Here, we present a few examples of SES observed in various earthquake prone areas worldwide.