Synergizing Wind, Solar, and Biomass Power: Ranking Analysis of Off-Grid System for Different Weather Conditions of Iran

Abstract

Nowadays, the use of renewable energies, especially wind, solar, and biomass, is essential as an effective solution to address global environmental and economic challenges. Therefore, the current study examines the energy-economic-environmental analysis of off-grid electricity generation systems using solar panels, wind turbines, and biomass generators in various weather conditions in Iran. Simulations over 25 years were conducted using HOMER v2.81 software, aiming to determine the potential of each region and find the lowest cost of electricity production per kWh. In the end, to identify the most suitable location, the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method was employed to rank different stations based on simulation output parameters and some other inf luential factors. Considering the evaluation of various parameters, the stations in Yazd, Marand, and Dezful achieved the best results, while the stations in Ramsar, Shahrekord, and Gonbad presented the least favorable outcomes. In Yazd, the wind turbine is an economic priority, and a 100 kW wind turbine is utilized in the optimal system. In Yazd, where the simultaneous use of renewable energies is most prominent, the lowest pollutant production occurred with a quantity of 1174 kg/year. Annual energy losses are highest in Jask station and lowest in Yazd.