Beliefs and Attitudes Towards Sunscreen and Sun Protection Practices Among South Asians in British Columbia: A Survey Study

Abstract

Background/Purpose: South Asians form a substantial proportion of Canada's Skin of Color (SOC) population, yet limited knowledge exists about their sun protection beliefs, attitudes, and practices. This study aimed to explore these factors. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from April to October 2024 to evaluate sun protection factors among South Asian adults in British Columbia. Sixty-two participants were recruited, with a 90% response rate, using convenience sampling through outreach events and social media. Results: Most were born in Canada or South Asia, and 41% were aged 25–34 years. More females (43%) used sunscreen daily compared to males (12%). Although 69% believed in sun protection health benefits, 30% rarely or never wore sunscreen. Motivators included preventing sunburn (68%), maintaining youthful skin (65%), and reducing skin cancer risk (63%). A minority (25%) used sun protection to achieve a lighter skin complexion. Most were unsure if religious coverings provided adequate protection. Social media (41%) was the most common source of information. Barriers included forgetfulness (69%), low perceived risk (41%), discomfort (24%), and cosmetic concerns (17%) like “white cast” (61%). Preferences for organic versus inorganic sunscreens were mixed. Conclusion: Most valued sun protection for health, preventing sunburn, photoaging, and reducing skin cancer risk, despite lower baseline risk relative to those with European ancestry. Social media presents an opportunity for targeted outreach. Australia has recently tailored sunscreen recommendations based on skin type, recognizing variability in risks and sun protective needs among their diverse population. Similar approaches could be considered in Canada to better address the needs of SOC populations.