Comparison of Curcuma domestica and Curcuma xanthorrhiza oleoresins extracted using maceration, Soxhlet, and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE)

Abstract

This research aimed to use conventional and modern extraction methods for extraction of C. domestica and C. xanthorrhiza oleoresins. For this purpose, maceration, Soxhlet, and Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction (UAE) were implemented to extract oleoresins. All the extraction method used acetone as a solvent with the ratio of ground spices to solvent was 1:5 (w/w). The results showed that the Soxhlet extraction method gave the highest oleoresin yield of C. domestica (18.89 ± 0.68%) and C. xanthorrhiza (14.70 ± 0.62%). Maceration method gave the highest curcumin yield of 49.52 ± 0.63% and 15.82 ± 0.27% for C. domestica and C. xanthorrhiza oleoresins, respectively. Meanwhile, the oleoresin obtained from the UAE method gave the lowest residual solvent on both C. domestica (16.00 ± 4.67%) and C. xanthorrhiza (15.66 ± 3.33%) oleoresins. C. xanthorrhiza oleoresin obtained from maceration tends to show the best colour, while the best colour of C. domestica oleoresin obtained from UAE. Propylene glycol had the best solubility for C. domestica oleoresin, while C. xanthorrhiza oleoresin was soluble in all solvents.