Multiple sclerosis - new therapeutic directions

Abstract

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease which affects the central nervo- us system. Currently, there are numerous disease-modifying therapies for this condition. Most of them address the inflammatory aspects of the disease and are most effective in the relapsing-remitting stages of multiple sc- lerosis. However, none of them can completely stop the progression of MS and they are usually associated with adverse effects. There is an ongoing search for novel approaches that involve different modes of action. Here, we discuss examples of new immunomodulating agents such as antigen-specific therapies, neuroprotectants, rege- nerative strategies and gut microbiota modification.