Study of Phytochemical Analysis and Antioxidant Activity of Allium sativum of Bundelkhand Region

Abstract

-Secondary metabolites found in the medicinal plants play important role in curing different diseases and used as important raw materials for the manufacturing of traditional and modern medicine. One of these medicinal plant Garlic (Allium sativum) members of Amaryllidaceae family reduces various risk factors associated with several diseases. Garlic has been shown to inhibit enzymes involved in lipid synthesis, decrease platelet aggregation, prevent lipid peroxidation of oxidized erythrocytes and LDL, increase antioxidant status, and inhibit angiotensin converting enzyme. It also reduces cholesterol, inhibits platelet aggregation, reduces blood pressure, and increases antioxidant status. Therefore, our aim was to compare the different secondary metabolites present in the aqueous and methanolic extracts of the garlic leaves, root, developed bulbs and undeveloped bulbs. Phytochemicals screening revealed the results that alkaloids, reducing sugar, flavonoids, glycosides, cardiac glycosides, tannin and phenolic compounds, saponins, amino acid & triterpenoids aqueous extract and methanolic extract of garlic leaves and fully developed bulb but garlic fully developed showed negative result for reducing sugar. Methanolic extract of undeveloped bulbs of garlic shown positive a result for all expects carbohydrate, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides it showed negative result for them. Garlic roots shown also the same result as garlic undeveloped bulbs but there was the difference in flavonoids it shown negative for it.