Frontline: Optimal T cell activation requires the engagement of CD6 and CD166

Abstract

The T cell surface glycoprotein, CD6 binds CD166 in the first example of an interaction between a scavenger receptor cysteine-rich domain and an immunoglobulin-like domain. We report that in human these proteins interact with a KD =0.4-1.0 μM and Koff ≥0.4-0.63 s-1, typical of many leukocyte membrane protein interactions. CD166 also interacts in a homophilic manner but with around 100-fold lower affinity (KD =29-48 μM and Koff ≥ 5.3 s-1). At concentrations, that will block the CD6/CD166 interaction, soluble monomeric CD6 and CD166 inhibit antigen-specific human T cell responses. This is consistent with extracellular engagement between CD6 and CD166 being required for an optimal immune response. © 2004 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.