PPM1M and PRICKLE2 are potential tumor suppressor genes in human clear-cell renal cell carcinoma

Abstract

Aim. To investigate the expression levels of PPM1M and PRICKLE2 in clear-cell renal cell carcinomas (ccRCC) and propose a mechanism leading to the expression changes in tumor. Methods. Analysis of GEO data, quantitative PCR (Q-PCR), bisulfite sequencing, methylation-specific PCR, deletion search. Results. We found that the PRICKLE2 expression was down-regulated in 83 % of samples. Decreased expression of PPM1M was shown in 33.3 %of ccRCC samples. The promoters of PPM1M and PRICKLE2 were not methylated, and no deletions were found in their sequences. Conclusions. Our data suggest that PRICKLE2 and PPM1M might be candidates for the tumor suppressor genes in ccRCC.