An Extensive Review on Biological Interest of Quinoline and Its Analogues

Abstract

The medicinal potential of quinoline, a flexible bicyclic heterocyclic scaffold, is significant. Some compounds with quinoline nuclei are preferred therapeutic agents for various diseases. Several quinoline derivatives demonstrate a wide range of antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, anthelmintic, antidiabetic, antifungal and antiprotozoal activities, many of which are being studied in clinical studies to treat potentially fatal diseases and disorders. Clinically effective drugs widely used to treat various human diseases/disorders include several compounds with quinoline skeletons. In the development of more recent drugs, medicinal chemists' attention was drawn to the clinical efficacy of some of these compounds and the adaptability of the quinoline nucleus. This pharmacophore is becoming more and more important, as seen by the disproportionately large number of patents filed in a short amount of time. The multi-target approach or hybridization is considered a promising strategy in drug design and discovery; hybridization may improve affinity and potency while simultaneously decreasing the resistance and side effects. The main part of this review focuses on and highlights the functionalization of quinoline for biological and pharmaceutical activities. Keywords: [Quinoline, Antibacterial activity, Antimalarial activity, Antifungal activity]